Chronic lung diseases accounted for over 150,000 deaths in the country in 2020. These conditions may affect the airways, lung tissue, or blood circulation in the lungs. The occurrence of lung diseases is exacerbated by the inhalation of chemical irritants and toxins in home and work environments. Although most diseases are caused by repeated, long-term exposure to hazardous substances, even a one-time or indirect exposure may cause lasting damage to the lungs.

Household factors that may cause lung damage
Mold
Mold is a type of fungus. It multiplies by forming spores, which can remain suspended in the air for long periods. These spores may cause serious infections for those with mold allergies, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD), or a weak immune system. To avoid mold growth around the house, fix any leaks, avoid compost piles, and get rid of clumps of cut grass promptly.

Carpet
Carpet fabric has several crevices that can trap mold, cockroach droppings, dust mites, and even toxic gasses. This can have a significant impact on one’s lungs. Instead of carpets, look into wood flooring, as it is easier to clean. Alternatively, invest in rugs that can be washed and cleaned regularly. Ideally, carpets must be vacuumed at least three times a week and steam cleaned once a year.

Humidifier
In dry places, humidifiers are a brilliant addition to people’s homes, as it helps them breathe better. However, it can also become a breeding ground for fungus, which then circulates throughout the house. This can lead to breathing problems, allergies, or inflammation of the lungs. To avoid this situation, take good care of the devices and have them cleaned and serviced regularly.

Hot tubs
Bacteria grow in places with stagnant water. As the water in an indoor hot tub does not move through the day, it can become a breeding ground for bacteria. When one uses the tub, the vapors from the water rise. Along with these vapors, the bacteria also makes its way into the airways, leading to complications such as fever, cough, and breathing issues. To avoid this, regularly clean the hot tub, showers, and pool.

Candles
Most candles are made from petroleum-based paraffin wax. These candles release chemicals upon burning that can trigger the risk of allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and cancer. Instead of using petroleum wax candles, opt for safer options such as beeswax or soy. Additionally, it’s important to only burn candles in a well-ventilated room to minimize any potential risks.

Flour
Although a common kitchen ingredient, flour is known to worsen lung conditions. This is commonly seen among bakers and restaurant workers and labeled “Baker’s Asthma.” This condition may also impact their families, as they carry the dust and flour home in their hair, skin, and clothes.

Cockroaches
Cockroaches keep dropping poop and bits of their body around the house. This turns into dust and can settle on the floors and furniture. During vacuuming or cleaning activities, one may breathe it in. This can cause breathing problems. Preschool toddlers who come in contact with this dust may even develop asthma. To avoid this, keep the house as clean and dry as possible, and opt for pest control services periodically.

Gas appliances
Gas appliances such as cooking stoves and fireplaces in closed spaces can also worsen lung conditions. This occurs because as gas, wood, oil, and kerosene burn, they release nitrous oxide. This can cause inflammation in the lungs and trigger asthma attacks. Be careful about the installation, use, care, and maintenance of these appliances.

Other factors that may cause lung damage
Radon
This transparent, radioactive gas is one of the leading causes of lung cancer. It is made when the natural uranium in rock, soil, and water breaks down. It can seep into buildings through cracks and crevices in the walls and floors. It can also find its way into homes through plumbing and electrical systems. Investing in a simple test can help determine radon levels around the house.

Farming
Due to mold exposure in farms, farmers may also develop hypersensitivity pneumonitis. This occurs due to an immune response to mold that grows on hay and plants, which can lead to inflammation of the lungs. This condition may worsen among dairy workers and in places where it is wet during harvest time.

Pesticides
In modern farming, pesticides are commonly used to keep bugs and other pests away. However, many of these pesticides also find their way into our food. Touching, eating, or breathing in these chemicals can lead to complications with the nerves, hormones, eyes, skin, and lungs. Those who work with these pesticides are also at a higher risk of developing COPD and lung cancer. Wearing proper protection (such as masks, glasses, and special clothes) can help reduce this risk significantly.

Fireworks
Colorful fireworks displays are a sight to behold. However, the color of these fireworks comes from powdered fragments of metal. Inhaling this can worsen asthma or trigger other lung diseases. During a fireworks show, stay away from drifting smoke and wear a mask to filter any hazardous particles.

Airbags
Airbags make use of a colorless chemical called sodium azide. This chemical can trigger asthma attacks and other lung conditions. Exposure to high levels of this chemical may also cause the lungs to fill with fluid. If one notices breathing problems after an incident involving an airbag, speak to a doctor immediately.

Birds
Being near bird feathers and poop can also trigger lung inflammation. These are often referred to as pigeon breeder’s disease, bird fancier’s lung, or hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Apart from these items, reducing exposure to diesel exhaust, air pollution, asbestos, arsenic, and some forms of silica and arsenic can help lower the risk of lung diseases such as cancer, COPD, pneumoconiosis, asbestosis, mesothelioma, silicosis, etc.